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Óengus son of Fergus (;〔Forsyth discusses the various forms of Óengus's name, also providing ''Ungus(t)'' as an alternative Pictish form.〕 Old Irish: ''Óengus mac Fergusso'', "Angus mac Fergus"), was king of the Picts from 732 until his death in 761. His reign can be reconstructed in some detail from a variety of sources. Óengus became the chief king in Pictland following a period of civil war in the late 720s. During his reign, the neighbouring kingdom of Dál Riata was subjugated and the kingdom of Strathclyde was attacked with less success. The most powerful ruler in Scotland for over two decades, he was involved in wars in Ireland and England. Kings from Óengus's family dominated Pictland until 839 when a disastrous defeat at the hands of Vikings began a new period of instability, which ended with the coming to power of Cináed mac Ailpín. ==Sources and background== Surviving Pictish sources for the period are few, limited to king lists, the original of which was prepared in the early 720s,〔M. O Anderson, ''Kings and Kingship'', pp. 88–102.〕 and a number of accounts relating to the foundation of St Andrews, then called Cennrígmonaid. Beyond Pictland, the principal sources are the Irish annals, of which the ''Annals of Ulster'' and the ''Annals of Tigernach'' are the most reliable. These include materials from an annal kept at the monastery of Iona in Scotland. Óengus and the Picts appear occasionally in Welsh sources, such as the ''Annales Cambriae'', and more frequently in Northumbrian sources, of which the Continuation of Bede's chronicle and the ''Historia Regum Anglorum'' attributed to Symeon of Durham are the most important.〔Most sources are collected in ''Early Sources of Scottish History'' (''ESSH'') and ''Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers'' (''SAEC''), edited by Alan Orr Anderson.〕 The Picts were one of four political groups in north Britain in the early 8th century. Pictland ran from the River Forth northwards, including Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles. Prior to the Viking Age, the main power in Pictland appears to have been the kingdom of Fortriu. Known high-status sites in Fortriu include Burghead and Craig Phádraig by Inverness. Pictland appears to have had only one bishop with his seat at Rosemarkie.〔Early 8th-century bishops include Curetán, Fergus and Brecc. Anderson, ''ESSH'', pp. 221; Yorke, ''Conversion'', pp. 153–155. Surveys of North Britain can be found in D.W. Harding, ''The Iron Age in Northern Britain: Celts and Romans, Natives and Invaders'' (2004), and Leslie Alcock, ''Kings & Warriors, Craftsmen & Priests in Northern Britain AD 550–850'' (2003). Foster, ''Picts, Gaels and Scots'' (2005), excludes southern Scotland and northern England.〕 From the Forth south to the River Humber lay the kingdom of Northumbria. Once the dominant force in Britain, it remained a powerful kingdom, but the end of the old dynasty of kings with the death of Osric in 729 led to conflict between rival families for the throne. The growing power of the Mercian kingdom to the south added to the problems faced by Northumbrian kings. For most of Óengus's reign Northumbria was ruled by the capable King Eadberht Eating.〔Surveys of Northumbria include David Rollason's ''Northumbria, 500–1100: Creation and Destruction of a Kingdom'' (2003), and Nick Higham's ''The Kingdom of Northumbria AD 350–1100'' (1993).〕 To the south-west of Pictland were the Gaels of Dál Riata where the kingship was disputed between the Cenél Loairn of northern Argyll and the Cenél nGabráin of Kintyre. In 723 Selbach mac Ferchair abdicated as head of the Cenél Loairn and king of Dál Riata in favour of his son Dúngal, who was driven out as king of Dál Riata by Eochaid mac Echdach of the Cenél nGabráin in 726. Dúngal and Eochaid were still in conflict as late as 731, when Dúngal burnt Tarbert.〔John Bannerman, ''Studies in the History of Dalriada'' (1974), remains the standard work on Dál Riata.〕 The history of the fourth group, the Britons of Alt Clut, later the kingdom of Strathclyde, leaves little trace in the record. King Teudebur map Beli had ruled from Dumbarton Rock since 722, and continued to do so until his death in 752 when his son Dumnagual succeeded him.〔Anderson, ''ESSH'', pp. 240–241 & 243. "Rotri, king of the Britons", whose death is recorded in the ''Annales Cambriae'' s.a. 754, has sometimes been identified as a king of Alt Clut, but this notice refers to Rhodri Molwynog ap Idwal, King of Gwynedd.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Óengus I」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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